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TRACING an IP
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TRACING an IP
By XXxxImmortalxxXX On 4th July, 2008
TRACING an IP
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XXxxImmortalxxXX ( Invasive contributor )
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Introduction
In here I have figure out some very easy but cool ways to trace out the geographical location and various other infos like ISP details etc of a remote computer using its IP.
Well I guess its one of the most important must learn manul for boys out there if you want to impress your friends particularly gals whom you’ll meet online in achat room and tell them their geographical locations and ISP details and make them surprisedand impressed J.
In the practical execution of thismanual you don’t have to work much as it is very simple only you have to use your brain to understand some symbols and some format of expressions and use your IQ to execute things the right way.
What is IP and how to get the IP of a remotesystem
Getting the IP or Internet Protocol of a remote system is the most important and the firststep of hacking into it. Probably it is the first thing a hacker do to get info for researching on a system. Well IP is a unique number assigned to each computer on a network. It is thisunique address which representsthe system on the network. Generally the IP of a particular system changes each time you log on to the network by dialing to your ISP and it is assigned to you by your ISP. IP of a system which is always on the network remains generally the same. Generally those kind of systems are most likely to suffer a hacking attack because of its stable IP. Using IP you can even execute system commands on the victim’s computer.
Lets take the example of the following IP address: 202.144.49.110Now the first part, the numbers before the first decimal i.e. 209 is the Network number or the NetworkPrefix.. This means that it identifies the number of the network in which the host is. The second part i.e. 144 is the Host Number that is it identifies the number of the host within the Network. This means that in the same Network, the network number is same. In order to provide flexibility in the size of the Network, here are different classes of IP addresses:
Code:
Address Class DottedDecimal Notation RangesClass A ( /8 Prefixes) 1.xxx.xxx.xxxthrough 126.xxx.xxx.xxxClass B ( /16 Prefixes) 128.0.xxx.xxxthrough 191.255.xxx.xxxClass C ( /24 Prefixes) 192.0.0.xxxthrough 223.255.255.xxx The various classes will be clearer after reading the next few lines.
Each Class A Network Address contains a 8 bit Network Prefix followed by a 24-bit host number. They are considered to be primitive. They are referred to as "/8''s" or just "8's" as they have an 8-bit Network prefix.
In a Class B Network Address there is a 16 bit Network Prefix followed by a 16-bit Host number. It is referred to as"16's".
A class C Network address contains a 24-bit Network Prefixand a 8 bit Host number. It is referred to as
"24's" and is commonly used by most ISP's.
Due to the growing size of the Internet the Network Administrators faced many problems. The Internet routing tables were beginning to grow and now the administrators had to request another network number from the Internet before a new network could be installed at their site. This is where sub-netting came in.
Now if your ISP is a big one and if it provides you with dynamic IPaddresses then you will most probably see that whenever youlog on to the net, your IP address will have the same first 24 bits and only the last 8 bits will keep changing. This is due to the fact that when sub-netting comes in then the IP Addresses structure becomes:
xxx.xxx.zzz.yyy
where the first 2 parts are Network Prefix numbers and thezzz is the Subnet number and the yyy is the host number. So you are always connected to the same Subnet within the same Network. As a result the first 3 parts will remain the same and only the last part i.e. yyy is variable.
***********************
For Example, if say an ISP xyz is given the IP: 203.98.12.xx Network address then you can be awarded any IP, whose first three fields are 203.98.12. Get it?
So, basically this means that each ISP has a particular range in which to allocate all its subscribers. Or in other words, all subscribers or all people connected to the internet using the same ISP, will have to be in this range. This in effect would mean that all people using the same ISP are likely to have the same first three fields of their IPAddresses.
This means that if you have done a lot of (By this I really mean a lot) of research, then you could figure out which ISP a person is using by simply looking at his IP. The ISP name could then be used to figure out the city and the country of the person. Right? Let me take an example to stress as to how cumbersome but easy (once the research is done) the above method can be.
In my country, say there are three main ISP’s:
Code:
ISP Name Network Address AllottedISP I 203.94.47.xxISP II 202.92.12.xxISP III 203.91.35.xx Now, if I get to know the IP of an e-pal of mine, and it reads: 203.91.35.12, then I can pretty easily figure out that he uses ISP III to connect to the internet.Right? You might say that any idiot would be able to do this. Well, yes and no. You see, the above method of finding out theISP of a person was successful only because we already had theISP and Network Address Allotted list with us. So, what mypoint is, that the above method can be successful only after a lot of research and experimentation. And, I do think such research can be helpful sometimes.
Also, this would not work, if you take it all on in larger scale. What if the IP that you have belongs to someone living in a remote igloo in the North Pole? You could not possibly get the Network Addresses of all the ISP’s in the world, could you? If yes please send it to me J.
Well now I guess you have pretty good knowledge about what an IP is and what you can do by knowing the IP of a remote system. Now lets come to the point of finding out the IPof remote system.
Well you can easily figure out the IP of a remote system using the netstat utility available in the microsoft’s version of DOS. The netstat command shows theconnections in which your system is engaged to and the ports they are using. Suppose you are checking your mail in hotmail and you want to find outthe IP of msn. All you need to dois to open a dos window (command.com) and type netstat. You will see all the openconnections of your system. There you will see something :
Code:
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP abhisek:1031 64.4.xx.xx:80 ESTABLISHED Now you got the IP address of hotmail *** 64.4.xx.xx .
Similarly you can figure out the IP address of most http or ftp connections.
To know your own IP type the following command in a dos windows
C:\netstat –n
[this commands converts the IP name into IP addresses]
this is what you will probably seeon typing the above command :
Code:
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP 203.xx.251.161:1031 194.1.129.227:21 ESTABLISHED TCP 203.xx.251.161:1043 207.138.41.181:80 FIN_WAIT_2 TCP 203.xx.251.161:1053 203.94.243.71:110 TIME_WAIT TCP 203.xx.251.161:1058 194.1.129.227:20 TIME_WAIT TCP 203.xx.251.161:1069 203.94.243.71:110 TIME_WAIT TCP 203.xx.251.161:1071 194.98.93.244:80 ESTABLISHED TCP 203.xx.251.161:1078 203.94.243.71:110 TIME_WAIT Here 203.xx.251.161 is your IP address.
Now lets clarify the format used by netstat :
Proto : It shows the type of protocol the connection with theremote system is using.
Here TCP (transmission control protocol) is the protocol used bymy system to connect to other systems.
Local Address : It shows the localaddress ie the local IP. When the netstat command is executed without –n switch then the name of the local system is displayed and when the netstat is executed with –n switch then the IP of the local system is displayed. Here you can also find out the port used by the connection.
xxx.yyy.zzz.aaa:1024
in this format you will see the local address. Here 1024 is the port to which the remote system is connected in your system
Foreign Address :: It shows the IPaddress of the remote system to which your system is connected. In this case also if the netstat command is excutedwith –n switch then you directly get the IP of the victim but if the netstat is executed without –n switch then you will get the address of the remote system. Something like
C:\netstat
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State
TCP abhisek:1031 msgr.lw4.gs681.hotmail.com:80ESTABLISHED
Here msgr.lw4.gs681.hotmail.comis the address of the foreign system . putting this address in any IP lookup program and doinga whois lookup will reveal the IP of the remote system.
Note: The port to which your system is connected can be found from this in the same wayas I have shown in the case of local address. The difference is that, this is the port of the remote system to which your computer is connected to.
Below I have produced a list of ports and popular services generally found to be running.
21 :: FTP port
80 :: http port
23 :: Telnet port
Note: If your execute the netstat command and find ports like 12345,27374 are open and are in use then make it sure that your sweat heart computeris infected with her boyfriend.. J J J J I mean your computer is infected with some sort of Trojan.
Below I have produced a list of commonly known Trojans and the ports they use by default. So if you find these ports open then get a good virus buster and get these stupid servers of the Trojans kicked out. Well if you want to play with these Trojan by keeping them in your computer but not letting them ruin your system performance then just disble it from the system registry run and they wont be loaded to memory each time when windows starts up[This trick doesn’t work for allTrojans].
Code:
Netbus :: 12345(TCP)Subseven :: 27374(TCP)Girl Friend :: 21554(TCP)Back Oriface :: 31337 (UDP) Well guys and gals I hope you are now well familiar with the term IP and what is the utility ofIP in cyber world and how to getthe IP of a remote system to which you are connected. I hope you find my writings very easy to undertstand. I know I lack thecapacity of explaining myself butI try my level best to make things very easy and clear for you’ll.
How to get the IP of a remote system while chatting through msn messenger ::
This is a tutorial on how to get IP address from MSN messenger. This is actually a really easy thing to do. It is not like going through the hard time and reversing MSN messenger like many people think.
The IP address is only given when you accept or are sending a file through MSN messenger. When you send IM's, the messageis sent through the server thus hiding your victims IP and your. But when you send a file or recieve a file, it is direct connection between the two computers.
To obtain the IP accept a file transfer or send a file to the victim, when the file sending is under way from the dos prompt type "netstat" without the quotation marks. You should get a table like this:
Proto Local Address Foreign Address State
TCP kick:1033 msgr-ns29.msgr.hotmail.com:1863ESTABLISHED
TCP kick:1040 msgr-sb36.msgr.hotmail.com:1863ESTABLISHED
TCP kick:
The top name in the list is the server's address for IMing. Therecould be many of the second name in the list, as a new connection is made to the server for every room you are IMing to. You are looking for the address of the remote host in this table it may be something similar to"host63-7-102-226.ppp.cal.vsnl.com" or “203..64.90.6”. without the quotation marks.
All you need to do now is to put this address in you IP lookup programe and get the IP of the remote system.
Well 50%of the work is done now. Now you know how to get the IP of a remote system, so itstime to trace it down and find some details about the IP.
Tracing an IP is quite simple. You can do it the easy way by using some sweet softwares like VisualTrace 6.0b
ftp://ftp.visualware.com/pub/vr/vr.exe
Neotrace
http://www.neoworx.com/download/NTX325.exe
or by our way ie. Using MS DOS or any other version of DOS.
Well I suggest you to use DOS and its tracert tool for tracing the IP cause using it will give youa clear conception about the artof tracing an IP and I guarantee that you will feel much satisfied on success than using a silly software. Furthur you will know how things work and how the IP is traced down and the differentnetworks associated in this tracing process.
Let us take a look at tracert tool provided for DOS by Microsoft.
It is a very handy tool for peoples need to trace down an IP.
Just open any DOS windows and type tracert.
C:\windows>tracert
Usage: tracert [-d] [-h maximum_hops] [-j host-list] [-w timeout] target_name
Code:
Options: -d Do not resolveaddresses to hostnames. -h maximum_hops Maximum number of hops to search for target. -j host-list Loose source route along host-list. -w timeout Wait timeoutmilliseconds for each reply. You will now see a description ofthe tracert command and the switches associated with it.
Well these switches doesn’t makes much difference. All you can do is to increase the timeout in milliseconds by using –w switch if you are using a slowconnection and the –d switch if you wish not resolve address to hostnames by default.
By default tracert performs a maximum of 30 hops trace. Usingthe –h switch you can specify the number of hops to perform.
Now its time for execution.
Let us trace down the IP yahoo.com[216.115.108.243]
TIP: If you have done a long research (I mean a lot) then simply looking at the IP you can figure out some info from it. For example the IP 203.90.68.8indicates that the system is in India. In India IPs generally begin with 203 and 202
C:\WINDOWS>tracert yahoo.com
Tracing route to yahoo.com[216.115.108.243] over a maximum of 30 hops:
Code:
1 308 ms 142 ms 127 ms 203.94.246.35 2 140 ms 135 ms * 203.94.246.1 3 213 ms 134 ms 132 ms 203.94.255.33 4 134 ms 130 ms 129 ms 203.200.64.29 5 122ms 135 ms 131 ms 203.200.87.75 6 141 ms 137 ms 121ms 203.200.87.15 7 143 ms 170 ms 154 ms vsb-delhi-stm1.Bbone.vsnl.net.in [202.54.2.241] 8 565 ms 589 ms 568 ms if-7-0.bb8.NewYork.Teleglobe.net[207.45.198.65] 9 596 ms 584 ms 600 ms if-3-0.core2.NewYork.teleglobe.net [207.45.221.66]10 * * * Request timed out.11 703 ms 701 ms 719 ms if-3-0.core2.PaloAlto.Teleglobe.net[64.86.83.205]12 694 ms 683 ms 681 ms if-6-1.core1.PaloAlto.Teleglobe.net[207.45.202.33]13 656 ms 677 ms 700 ms ix-5-0.core1.PaloAlto.Teleglobe.net [207.45.196.90]14 667 ms 673 ms 673 ms ge-1-3-0.msr1.pao.yahoo.com[216.115.100.150]15 653 ms 673 ms 673 ms vl20.bas1.snv.yahoo.com[216.115.100.225]16 666 ms 676 ms 674 ms yahoo.com[216.115.108.243]Trace complete. Note: Here I have traced yahoo.com. In place of yahoo.comyou can give the IP ofyahoo or any other IP you want to trace, the result will be the same.
Now carefully looking at the results you can figure out many information about yahoo’s server [216.115.108.243]
First packets of data leave my ISP which is at 203.94.246.35.Similarly you can find out the different routers through which the packets of data are send and received to and from the target system. Now take a look at the 13th line you’ll see that the router is in PaloAlto.Teleglobe.netfrom this you can easily figure out that the router is in Palo Alto. Now finally look at the target systemie. Yahoo’s server vl20.bas1.snv.yahoo.com. Now you got the address of yahoo’s server. Now put this address in any IP lookup programe and perform and reverse DNS lookupand you will get most of the infoabout this address,like the placewhere it is in.
Well another thing you can find out using the tracert tool is that the number of hops (routers) the target system is away from you. In case of tracerouting yahoo.comwe find that the target system ie yahoo’s server is 16 hops away from my system. This indicates that there are 16 routers between my system and yahoo’sserver.
Apart from tracing an IP you canfind out many usefull details about the target system using the tracert tool.
Firewall Detection
While tracerouting a target system, if you get * as an output then it indicates timeout error. Now if you peform another tracerout to the same taeget system at some other time with a good connection andin this way few times more and if you always get * as the output then take it for sure that the target system is running a firewall which preventssending of data packets from the target system.
Example
Some days ago I tried to tracerthotmail’s server in plain and simple way using tracert withoutany trick.This is what I found out:
c:\windows>tracert 64.4.53.7
Tracing route to lc2.law5.hotmail.com[64.4.53.7]
over a maximum of 30 hops:
Code:
1 * * * Request timed out. 2 161 ms 147 ms 85 ms 203.90.69.81 3 126 ms 261 ms 219 ms 203.90.66.9 4 121 ms 115 ms 228 ms delswp2.hclinfinet.com[203.90.66.133] 5 727 ms 725 ms 711 ms 203-195-147-250.now-india.net.in [203.195.147.250] 6 1006 ms 794 ms 952 ms core-fae-0-0.now-india.net.in [203.195.147.3] 7 826 ms 731 ms 819 ms 213.232.106.9 8 885 ms 744 ms 930 ms 213.166.3.209 9 851 ms 1020 ms 1080 ms 213.232.64.5410 1448 ms 765 ms 1114 ms pos8-0.core2.London1.Level3.net[212.113.0.118]11 748 ms 789 ms 750 ms ge-4-2-1.mp2.London1.Level3.net[212.187.131.146]12 719 ms 733 ms 846 ms so-3-0-0.mp1.London2.Level3.net[212.187.128.46]13 775 ms 890 ms 829 ms so-1-0-0.mp2.Weehawken1.Level3.net [212.187.128.138]14 853 ms 852 ms 823 ms so-3-0-0.mp1.SanJose1.Level3.net[64.159.1.129]15 889 ms 816 ms 803 ms so-7-0-0.gar1.SanJose1.Level3.net [64.159.1.74]16 * * * Request timed out.17 * * * Request timed out.18 * * * Request timed out.19 * * * Request timed out.20 * * * Request timed out.21 * * * Request timed out.22 * * * Request timed out.23 * * * Request timed out.24 * * * Request timed out.25 * * * Request timed out.26 * * * Request timed out.27 * * * Request timed out.28 * * * Request timed out.29 * * * Request timed out.30 * * * Request timed out.Trace complete. I performed the same tracert many times a day but concluded with the same result. This indicates that the systems afterthe router SanJose1.Level3.nethas firewalls installed which prevents the outgoing of data packets.
Detecting Traceroute Attempts on your System
You can detect that an attackeris performing a traceroute on your system, if you see the following symptoms:
1. If you observe port scans on very high UDP ports. This symptom means that the attacker has performed a traceroute on your system. However, it could also mean a simply port scan. Either way, it signifies the fact that your system is being scanned.
2. If the packet-monitoring tool installed in your network, picks up several outgoing TTL-exceeding messages, then itis yet another sign that someone is doing a traceroute on your system.
3. If in these log files, you also observer an outgoing ICMP port unreachable error message, then it means that since a traceroute was done on your system and as the target system i.e. your system, was reached, it responded with this error message.
You can also find our more information on the attacker (if he performs a traceroute on your system) by simply studying the sniffer log files. If you observer the TTL values, then we can easily figure out the following information on the attacker by making use of OS detection techniques discussed earlier in this white paper:
1. The Operating System runningon the attacker’s target system.
2. Number of hops away, the attacker is from you.
OKI DOKI that’s all for this article.Hope you will find this article very easy to understand and implement.
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Further Reading ...
*. Ethical Hacking Class Part 3 , by XXxxImmortalxxXX in Ethical hacking
*. Ethical Hacking Class part 2 , by XXxxImmortalxxXX in Ethical hacking
*. How to change IP using Batch File , by nimesh in Windows
*. Linking your Xbox to your pc , by XXxxImmortalxxXX in Ethical hacking
*. IP Addresses Explained , by Janu in Engineering concepts
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